docker重新启动失败，但服务器journalctl服务有问题，导致journalctl -xeu docker.service并没有记录到日志。

# systemctl status docker
○ docker.service - Docker Application Container Engine
     Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/docker.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
     Active: inactive (dead) since Sun 2025-05-04 11:47:53 CST; 9min ago
TriggeredBy: ○ docker.socket
       Docs: https://docs.docker.com
    Process: 43097 ExecStart=/usr/bin/dockerd -H fd:// --containerd=/run/containerd/containerd.sock (code=exited, status=1/FAILURE)
   Main PID: 43097 (code=exited, status=1/FAILURE)

# /usr/bin/dockerd -H fd:// --containerd=/run/containerd/containerd.sock
INFO[2025-05-04T11:58:39.792363219+08:00] Starting up                                  
failed to load listeners: no sockets found via socket activation: make sure the service was started by systemd

# /usr/bin/dockerd
INFO[2025-05-04T11:59:57.215081612+08:00] Starting up                                  
INFO[2025-05-04T11:59:57.216129192+08:00] parsed scheme: "unix"                         module=grpc
INFO[2025-05-04T11:59:57.216159521+08:00] scheme "unix" not registered, fallback to default scheme  module=grpc
INFO[2025-05-04T11:59:57.216185428+08:00] ccResolverWrapper: sending update to cc: {[{unix:///run/containerd/containerd.sock  <nil> 0 <nil>}] <nil> <nil>}  module=grpc
INFO[2025-05-04T11:59:57.216194366+08:00] ClientConn switching balancer to "pick_first"  module=grpc
INFO[2025-05-04T11:59:57.217197511+08:00] parsed scheme: "unix"                         module=grpc
INFO[2025-05-04T11:59:57.217217074+08:00] scheme "unix" not registered, fallback to default scheme  module=grpc
INFO[2025-05-04T11:59:57.217235241+08:00] ccResolverWrapper: sending update to cc: {[{unix:///run/containerd/containerd.sock  <nil> 0 <nil>}] <nil> <nil>}  module=grpc
INFO[2025-05-04T11:59:57.217242542+08:00] ClientConn switching balancer to "pick_first"  module=grpc
INFO[2025-05-04T11:59:57.277152337+08:00] [graphdriver] using prior storage driver: overlay2 
WARN[2025-05-04T11:59:57.283486321+08:00] Your kernel does not support swap memory limit 
WARN[2025-05-04T11:59:57.283498716+08:00] Your kernel does not support CPU realtime scheduler 
INFO[2025-05-04T11:59:57.283701097+08:00] Loading containers: start.                   
WARN[2025-05-04T11:59:57.311354237+08:00] Failed to find iptables: exec: "iptables": executable file not found in $PATH 
INFO[2025-05-04T11:59:57.312914408+08:00] stopping event stream following graceful shutdown  error="<nil>" module=libcontainerd namespace=moby
failed to start daemon: Error initializing network controller: error obtaining controller instance: failed to create NAT chain DOCKER: Iptables not found
INFO[2025-05-04T11:59:57.313143271+08:00] stopping event stream following graceful shutdown  error="context canceled" module=libcontainerd namespace=plugins.moby

根据提示，找到启动失败的问题为：iptables丢失。参考//www.greatytc.com/p/d912bfe970a1?v=1746335043554进行处理。