下载驱动：

链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/14veD_nqKJgZJG6Op0X-upQ
提取码：p3ig

设置环境变量：

将火狐和chrome的两个驱动所在的文件夹添加到电脑的环境变量中去，文件路径不能有中文

安装selenium库

pip install selenium

chrome 的代码1

注意：当python连接chrome的时候，不要手动打开chrome浏览器
会报错：unknown error: DevToolsActivePort file doesn't exist，The process started from chrome location.....

# coding = utf-8
from selenium import webdriver

# 个人资料路径
user_data_dir = r'--user-data-dir=C:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Local\Google\Chrome\User Data'
# 加载配置数据
option = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
option.add_argument(user_data_dir)
# 启动浏览器配置
driver = webdriver.Chrome(chrome_options=option, executable_path=r'D:\coship\Test_Framework\drivers\chromedriver.exe')
driver.get(r'https://www.cnblogs.com/')

chrome 的代码2

注意：当python连接chrome的时候，不要手动打开chrome浏览器

from selenium import webdriver
chrome_options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()

#无头点击下载文件，但是有时候失效
# prefs = {'download.default_directory': p,
#          'download.prompt_for_download': False,
#          'download.directory_upgrade': True,
#          'safebrowsing.enabled': False,
#          'safebrowsing.disable_download_protection': True}

downpath="D:\\down"
chrome_options.add_experimental_option("prefs", {"download.default_directory": downpath,
                                                    "download.prompt_for_download": False, })

# chrome_options.add_argument("--headless")      #无头设置
# chrome_options.add_argument('--window-size=1920,1080')
driver = Chrome(chrome_options=chrome_options)
driver.implicitly_wait(10)
url = "https://www.baidu.com/"
driver.get(url)

firefox：

from selenium.webdriver.firefox.options import Options
from selenium.webdriver import Firefox
from selenium import webdriver
options = Options()
options.add_argument('--window-size=1920,1080')
#options.add_argument('-headless') # 加载无头浏览配置
profile_path = r'C:\Users\L\AppData\Roaming\Mozilla\Firefox\Profiles\wgc3wo5q.default'
profile = webdriver.FirefoxProfile(profile_path )  # 指定配置文件地址

profile.set_preference('browser.download.folderList', 2)
profile.set_preference('browser.download.manager.showWhenStarting', False)  #下载不弹窗

downpath="D:\\down"
profile.set_preference('browser.download.dir', downpath)   # 指定下载位置

driver = webdriver.Firefox(profile, options=options)  # 加载配置，构建driver

driver.implicitly_wait(10)
url = "https://www.baidu.com/"
driver.get(url)

验证码登录

伪代码：

jt = 'D:\\huohu\\截图'  #存放截图的文件夹
try:
    os.makedirs(jt)
except:
    pass

sleep(1)
driver.find_element_by_id("password").clear()

sleep(1)
driver.find_element_by_id("password").send_keys(value)    #输入密码

driver.save_screenshot(jt+'\\sg_save_jietu.png')      #截屏


imgelement = driver.find_element_by_id('validateCodeImg') 
location = imgelement.location  # 获取验证码x,y轴坐标
size = imgelement.size  # 获取验证码的长宽
rangle = (int(location['x']), int(location['y']), int(location['x'] + size['width']),
            int(location['y'] + size['height']))  # 写成我们需要截取的位置坐标

i = Image.open(jt+'\\sg_save_jietu.png')

frame4 = i.crop(rangle)  # 使用Image的crop函数，从截图中再次截取我们需要的区域
yzm_path = (jt+'\\sg_yzm_path.png')
frame4.save(yzm_path)

sleep(1)
rc = RClient('user', 'pwd', '119287', 'e96fec5c66884adf8361579ecce0903f')          #接入若快打码
sleep(1)
im = open(yzm_path, 'rb').read()
sleep(1.5)
yzm=rc.rk_create(im, 3040)["Result"]

sleep(0.5)
driver.find_element_by_id("validateCode").clear()   #清空验证码
sleep(1)
driver.find_element_by_id('validateCode').send_keys(yzm)  #输入验证码
sleep(1.5)
driver.find_element_by_id("button").click()         #确定登录

selenium操控firefox和chrome