人及品质 & 正向评价 & 负向评价


*人及品质*
抽象行为
authority	（某领域的）权威人士：a high level of knowledge; 管辖权，控制：lawful control; 影响力：power to direct; （管束他人的）权力：right, control others; 根据，理由：warrant
ennoble	使尊贵：noble
genteel	有教养的，不粗俗的：free from vulgarity
imperial	帝国的，帝王的：empire；巨大的，令人惊叹的：impressive in size
posture	姿势，姿态：way of holding the body；故作姿态，装模作样：pretended attitude
snobbish	谄上傲下的，自大的：offensive air of superiority
august	威严的，严重的：formal and serious or reserved manner；盛大的，令人印象深刻的：large and impressive
活力
exuberant	非常高兴的，热情洋溢的：joyously, unrestrained；大量的，充分的：abundance
flourish	茂盛，繁荣：achieve success；装饰：ornamentation
lush	茂盛呃：vigorously；多产的：producing abundantly；（声音、味道）优美的，令人愉悦的：appealing
palmy	繁荣的：prosperity
prosperous	成功的，繁盛的：vigorous growth, well-being
verve	活力，热情：vitality
vim	活力，精力：energy
精神
chivalrous	有骑士风度的，（尤指对女性）彬彬有礼的：gracious courtesy and high-minded consideration
冷淡
aloof	孤高的，不合群的：distant
apathy	冷漠，缺乏情感：lack, feeling, emotion; 缺乏兴趣，不关心：lack, interest, concern
estrange	使疏远，离间，使感情失和：enmity, indifference, friendliness
impassive	冷漠的，无感情的：no sign of feeling
impervious	不可渗透的，不可穿透的：not allowing entrance；不能被破坏的：not capable of being damaged；不为所动的：not capable of being affected
indifferent	公平的：impartiality；（质量、档次等）中规中矩的，一般的：average；不感兴趣的，冷漠的：lack of interest
nonchalant	冷漠：indifference
offish	冷淡的：aloof
snub	轻视，不理睬：contempt or neglect
魅力
charisma	魅力，吸引力：charm
能力
impuissance	无权，虚弱：lack of power
inept	愚笨的，荒谬的：lack of judgment；不恰当的，不合时宜的：not appropriate；不称职的，无能力的：incompetent
prowess	英勇，勇敢：superior, courage
viable	可行的：being done
vocation	职业：employed
年老
ripen	使成熟，变成熟：make ripe
年轻幼稚
callow	不老练的，不成熟的：lacking, experience
fledgling	新生：starting out in a field
green	无经验的：deficient experience
incipient	起初的，初现的：beginning to come into being
puerile	幼稚的，不成熟的：immature
rudimentary	初始的，未发展的：earliest development；最根本的，基础的：first principles
热情
ardor	狂热：strong enthusiasm, devotion, zeal
avid	急切渴望的：enthusiasm; 贪婪（钱财）的：eager, for material possessions
ebullient	热情奔放的：zestfully
effusive	感情泛滥的／溢于言表的；感情表达不节制的／过度的；过分多情的:unrestrained in emotional expression
enthusiasm	热情，兴趣：desire or interest
fervid	酷热的：high temperature；热情的：great passion
fervor	热情，狂热：great warmth
perfervid	非常热情的：exaggerated emotion
zeal	热心，热诚：enthusiastic devotion
zesty	刺激的，开胃的：piquant
fervent	充满感情的，热情洋溢的：great intensity of feeling
天赋
immanent	内在的：innermost
serendipity	意外发现珍奇（或称心）事物的本领：by accident
渊博
erudite	博学的：learned
maven	专家：experienced
omniscient	无所不知的：complete knowledge
savvy	老练，机智：knowledge actually doing；明确了解：clear idea of；有见识的，精明能干的：practical cleverness or judgment
愿望
prospect	探查，勘探：go into discovery；期待，期望的事物：looking forward to
willful	固执的，倔强的：self-willed；故意的：deliberately
直率
forthright	直率的，说话率真的：free in expressing opinions；直接的，不绕弯子的：free from ambiguity or evasiveness：going straight to the point
忠诚
committed	忠诚的，忠实的：loyal
fidelity	忠诚：being faithful
dependable	可靠的，值得信赖的：depended on
*正向评价*
沉着
allay	减轻：subdue, reduce, intensity or severity
bland	味道平淡的，不刺激的：soothing; 无趣的：dull; 温和的，和蔼的：not harsh
deadpan	无趣的，无生气的，不活泼的：impassively
imperturbable	沉着冷静的，淡定的：extreme calm
levelheaded	明智的：sensible
methodical	井然有序的，有条理的：systematic order
phlegmatic	冷静的，无感情的，淡漠的：calm, sluggish temperament
sedate	淡定的，安静的：free from agitation
sober	严肃的：serious-looking；节制的：restraint；有理有据的：sound reasoning
unflappable	镇定的，从容不迫的：not easily upset
聪颖
acumen	不同寻常的洞察力和鉴别力：exceptional discernment and judgment
acute	敏锐的：keen discernment; 严重的，急性的：immediate attention; （程度、影响）极强的：extreme
alacrity	反应迅速，乐意，欣然
astute	机敏的，有洞察力的：shrewdness, perspicacity
conversant	熟悉的：familiar
deft	灵巧的，熟练的：skill
dexterous	动作灵活的：ready, skilled；头脑灵活的：mentally adroit, skillful
ingenious	聪明的，有创造才能的：resourceful, cleverness
ingenuity	独创性，创新性：inventive
judicious	明智的，慎重的：judgment prudent
outwit	瞒骗，以智取胜：surpass cunning
perspicuity	清晰明了的：clearness and lucidity
proficient	熟练的，精通的：advanced competence
resourceful	有创造力的，机智的：act imaginatively
sage	智者：wisdom
sapient	聪明的，有洞察力的：deep understanding, intelligent
scintillate	闪耀：sparks
shrewd	精明的，机敏的：cleverness or judgment；刺骨的，强烈的：discomfort
smart	反应敏捷的，聪颖的：sharp quick thought；整洁的：strikingly neat；感到疼痛，感到痛苦：suffer acutely
tact	机敏，精明，不冒犯：keen sense, maintain good relations
wit	机智，智慧：ability to understand；智者，有智慧的人：intelligence
canny	精明的，聪明的：careful and shrewed
功效
impotent	无生育能力的：unable to produce fruit；无力的，无能的：lacking in power
applicable	可用的，可行的：put to use；相关的，有光的：having to do with；合适的，恰当的：meeting the requirements
efficacious	有效的：produce a desired effect
和蔼
affable	和蔼的，温和的：ease, friendliness
amiable	好脾气，友好易相处的：friendly
amicable	友善的：friendly, amiable
amity	友好关系，亲善和睦：friendship, friendly
beneficent	仁慈的，好慈善的：charity; （对个人或社会）有益的：contributing
benign	好心的，仁慈的：kindness, gentleness; 无害的：not causing
bonhomie	温和，和蔼：geniality
catholic	普遍的，包容的：not limited or specialized
clement	宽容的，善良的：tolerant, kind; 气候温和的：neither, high, low
congenial	和善的，友好的：agreement；令人愉悦的：giving pleasure
equable	（脾气、性情）温和的：serene
lenient	宽大仁慈的：merciful
outgoing	友好的，外向的：extroverted
prepossessing	给人好感的，有魅力的：impress favorably
compatible	一致的，能共存的：in harmony
活泼
brisk	充满生机的，有活力的：activity; （言辞或方式）尖刻辛辣的，刻薄的：keen or sharp
expansive	广阔的：great expanse；健谈的，外向的：open, talkative, effusive
puckish	淘气的，顽皮的：mischievous, impish
racy	活泼生动的：vigorous
坚强
intrepid	无谓的：resolute fearlessness
stouthearted	勇敢的：stout, spirit
volition	意志，自愿选择的行为：making one's own choices
俭朴
abstemious	（吃喝等）有节制的，节俭的：restraint, food or alcohol, sparing
frugal	节约的：economy
homely	其貌不扬的，朴素简单的：not attractive
ingenuous	天真纯朴的：lacking cunning；坦白的：straightforward
moderate	使缓和：lessen intensify；适度的，中庸的：within limits
prudent	过分守礼的：prudery
retrench	削减开支：curtail expenses
skimp	缺乏的，不足的：less plentiful；节省花费，吝啬：give insufficient funds
stint	吝惜，节省：be frugal
austere	朴素的，朴实无华的：simple；严肃的，令人生畏的：stern and cold
sparing	节俭的，节约的：careful restraint；不足的，缺乏的：less plentiful
谨慎
assiduous	勤勉的，专心仔细的：careful
chary	非常谨慎的：cautious
circumspect	谨慎的，小心的：careful
conscientious	仔细的，一丝不苟的：involving great care；有良心的，正直的：governed by conscience
deliberate	深思熟虑的：careful
discretion	谨慎：discreet, circumspection；自制，节制：checking
earnest	严肃认真的：serious
engross	使全神贯注：occupy exclusively
measured	深思熟虑的，审慎的：calculated
meticulous	极为谨慎的：extreme or excessive care
preoccupation	非常关系，全神贯注：extreme concern
punctilious	注意细节的，一丝不苟的：attentive details
rapt	狂喜的，狂热的：pleasurable emotion；全神贯注的：deeply absorbed
sedulous	勤奋认真的：careful perseverance
wary	小心的，机警的，谨慎的：caution
discreet	（言行）谨慎的：good judgment and restraint；不易察觉的：not readily seen or noticed
pious	（信仰上）虔诚的：devotion to divine worship；忠诚的：firm in one's allegiance
进取
assertive	自信的：bold, assertion, self-assured
mettle	勇气：strength of spirit；毅力，耐力：stamina
慷慨
美丽
comely	漂亮的，吸引人的：pleasing, wholesome, attractive
delicacy	（外貌、结构等）精致，极度兴奋，发狂：fineness
exquisite	成都强烈的：extreme；精致精巧的：refined taste
florid	辞藻华丽的，花哨的：fancy expressions；装饰华丽的：elaborately decorated
ineffable	难以表达的：incapable expressed
lissome	柔软的：easily bent；敏捷的，轻盈的：move with ease
polished	有教养的：high degree of refinement；擦亮的：shiny
pulchritude	美丽：beauty
subtle	微妙的，难以感知的：difficult perceive；巧妙的，间接或带有欺骗性的：clever deceptive means
transfigure	使改变外观：alter appearance, transform
winsome	迷人的，漂亮的：pleasing and engaging
敏锐
perspicacious	极敏锐的，有洞察力的：penetrating mental discernment
responsive	反应的，敏感的：quick to respond
sensitive	敏感的：susceptible
trenchant	锐利的：sharp；（言辞）一针见血的：articulate
谦虚
condescending	摆出高人一等的姿态的：patronizingly superior
humility	谦卑，谦逊：absence of any feeling s better
self-abasement	自卑，自谦：humiliation
courteous	礼貌的，谦恭有礼的：polished manners
勤奋
delve	探究，钻研：detailed search for information
diligent	勤勉的，辛勤的：steady, earnest, energetic
industrious	勤勉的：diligent
painstaking	煞费苦心的：diligent care
sedentary	固定不动的：not migratory
无私
altruism	利他主义：unselfish
迅捷
dapper	衣冠整洁的：strikingly neat and trim
fast	绝食，斋戒：abstaining from food；快速的：quick；忠诚的：firm in one’s allegiance；稳固的，难以拆卸的：firmly positioned
fleet	舰队，车队：group of a vehicles；迅速的：with great speed；快速涌过：pass swiftly
flit	快速或突然地经过：pass quickly
agility	（身手）敏捷：quickness, ease and grace
勇敢
audacious	大胆的，（但往往）愚勇的：fearlessly, recklessly; 蔑视（法律、礼节）的，无礼的：contemptuous of law; 乐于冒险的：take risks; 大胆创新的：verve
exploit	英雄行为：notable act；最大程度地利用：employ
gallant	英勇的：brave, chivalrous；高贵的，慷慨的：dignified and generous
nerve	（坚强的）意志，勇气：power of endurance；给予勇气，鼓励：give courage
pluck	敢于面对困难的勇气：courage；弹奏（弦乐）：strings pulling releasing
valiant	勇敢的，英勇的：bravery
真诚
probity	正直：moral standards
rectitude	正直：moral integrity
sincere	真诚的，不做作的：without pretense
veracious	诚实的，说实话的：telling the truth；精确的，准确的：precise
自信
confident	有信心的，自信的：assurance, self-reliance
diffident	不自信的：lack self-confidence；内向的：reserved
*负向评价*
傲慢
arrogance	傲慢，自大：overbearing pride
bumptious	专横傲慢的，自以为是的：superiority
hauteur	傲慢，自大：arrogance
hubris	狂妄自大：exaggerated pride, self-confidence
imperious	爱发号施令的：ordering people；傲慢的，专横呃：arrogantly domineering；迫切的：compelling
pompous	浮夸的：ornate；傲慢的：self-importance
preen	整理（羽毛）：smooth feathers；打扮修饰：dress oneself elaborate；自满：take pride
primp	精心打扮：adorn finicky
self-absorbed	自恋的，自私的：absorbed in one's own
smug	自大的，自鸣得意的：opinion of oneself；整洁的，有序的：good order
supercilious	高傲的，傲慢的：haughty
virtuous	品德高尚的，正直的：showing moral excellence
卑鄙
barefaced	公然的，厚颜无耻的：brazen
blatant	大声喧哗的：noisy; （让人生厌地）惹人注目的：noticeable
brassy	厚脸皮的，不知羞耻的：rude boldness; 华而不实地炫耀：showy
brazen	蛮横大胆的，厚颜无耻的：contemptuous boldness; 大胆自信地去面对或从事：bold self-assurance
despicable	令人鄙视的：loathing and disgust；不荣耀的，不得体的：not honor
effrontery	厚颜无耻，放肆大胆：disregard, courtesy
scurvy	下流的，让人鄙视的：contemptible
vile	丑陋的：unpleasant to look at；（道德上）可鄙的，卑鄙的：morally despicable
卑贱
abase	降低（地位、职位、威望或尊严）：lower
abject	adj.无精打采的：spiritless；adj.（地位、身份）悲惨、凄凉的：low state;adj.卑微的，讨好的：humble
grovel	卑躬屈膝：draw back, fearful submission
hangdog	伤心的，沮丧的：sad, dejected
humble	谦逊的：meekness, modesty；顺从的，谦卑的：humility or unseemly submissiveness
mean	卑贱的：ignoble；吝啬的：sharing little；打算，怀有目的：purpose or goal；意味着：convey, show or indicate
servile	低下的，卑屈的：submissive, abject
残忍
atrocious	极坏的，极其残忍的：extremely wicked; 让人极为不满的：extremely unsatisfactory
barbarous	野蛮的，凶残的：mercilessly; 未开化的：uncivilized
callous	无同情心的，冷漠的：unfeeling
feral	野生的：not domesticated；动物性的：nature of a lower animal
pitiless	没有同情心的：devoid of pity
relentless	残酷的，无情的：no abatement or severity；固执的，不肯妥协的：yielding in one’s purpose
severe	严厉的，要求严格的：exacting standards；难以承受的，艰难的：difficult to endure
truculent	尖酸刻薄的：harsh insulting；好战的，好斗的：eagerness to fight
turbulent	动荡的：disturbance；湍急的，汹涌的：turmoil
vicious	凶恶的，恶毒的：desire to inflict；猛烈的：violence or ferocity
ferocious	极端的，剧烈的：unrelenting intensify；激烈的，爆发性的：bursts of destructive force；凶猛的，残暴的：unfriendly or aggressive
草率
cursory	匆忙的，不注意细节的：excessive or careless speed
facetious	喜欢开玩笑的，轻浮的：joking
frivolous	轻浮的：unbecoming levity；不重要的：little importance
giddy	轻率不严肃的：lacking in seriousness；喜悦的：elated
half-baked	不明智的：lack of good sense or judgment
headlong	鲁莽的：without deliberation
impetuous	冲动的，性急的，轻率的：impulsive vehemence；剧烈的，猛烈的：violence of movement
impudent	放肆大胆的，无礼的：boldness or disregard
levity	轻浮：frivolity
perfunctory	例行公事的，敷衍的：superficially；不感兴趣的：lacking in interest
precipitate	匆忙的：careless speed；促使，导致：cause to happen
slipshod	粗心的，随意的：indifference to exactness, precision, and accuracy
temerity	有效的，显著的：effective
skittish	容易受到惊吓的，胆小的：easily frightened；容易激动的：easily excited；善变的，多变的：likely to change
蠢.笨.傻
awkward	缺乏灵活性和技巧的：lacking dexterity; （处理问题）缺乏手段和智谋的：a lack of skill and tact; 臃肿笨拙的，不优雅的：lacking ease; 令人尴尬的：embarrassment; （因过大或过重设计问题）难以操作的：difficult to use
blunder	过失：error, mistake; 在···方面犯了很愚蠢且通常很严重的错误，糟蹋：make a stupid, error; 蹒跚：unsteadily
clumsy	笨拙的：lacking, nimbleness, lack, skill; 不文雅的：lacking, grace, inability, graceful; 不精致的：roughly
crass	粗俗的，愚钝的：unrefined
daft	神经错乱的：abnormal, sick state of mind；不明智的：lack of good sense or judgment
dolt	笨蛋：stupid
dullard	笨蛋：stupid
fatuous	愚笨的，昏庸的：foolish
fumble	笨拙地做：awkward attempts；（无意识的）失误：departure from truth
gauche	笨拙的，缺乏社交经验的：lacking grace
ham-handed	笨手笨脚的：lacking dexterity
inert	（人）懒惰缺乏活力的；（物品）惰性的：sluggish, deficient
infatuate	使迷恋：inspire unreasoning love
lackluster	黯淡无光泽的：lacking brightness
lumber	木材：tree logs；笨拙地行动：clumsiness；使负担（从而拖累）：burden
maladroit	笨拙的：lack of nimbleness
obtuse	愚钝的：absorb ideas readily
refractory	倔强的，不顺从的：resisting control
uncouth	粗俗的，没有品位的：lacking in refinement
ungainly	笨拙的，不雅的：inability in a graceful manner
vacuous	茫然的，愚蠢的：lack of intelligence
bumble	含糊不清地说，杂乱无章地说：rapidly, inarticulately；笨拙地行动：clumsily
numb	失去感觉的：devoid of sensation；麻木的，无感情的：devoid of emotion
粗俗
bungle	办遭，失败：work clumsily
flamboyant	艳丽夺目的，炫耀的，充满装饰的：strikingly elaborate
insouciant	无忧虑的，不在乎的：free from concern
mundane	尘世的，世俗化的：relating to world；平凡的：commonplaces
negligent	疏忽大意的：failing care
provincial	狭隘（的）：limited perspective
raffish	低俗的：crudeness
specious	似是而非的，欺骗性的：false look of truth
toy	草率或不认真地对待：handle thoughtlessly
unwitting	不知道的，未觉察的：unware；偶然的，并非有意的：by chance, not intended
dashing	爱好冒险的，大胆的：take risks
halfhearted	不感兴趣的，不热情的：lacking heart
secular	世俗的，尘世的：worldly or temporal
temporal	世俗的，尘世的：earthly life
粗野
asperity	（举止、性情）粗暴：roughness; （环境）艰苦：rigor, severity
brash	愚勇的，鲁莽的：foolishly adventurous; 缺乏判断力的，不明智的：poor judgment
impertinent	无关紧要的：not having relevance；粗鲁无礼的，大胆的：insolent rudeness；不守礼节的，不为他人着想的：lack of manners
insolent	粗野的，无礼的：rude
loutish	粗鲁的：awkward, stupid and boorish
opprobrious	辱骂的：reproach；臭名昭著的，令人鄙视的：infamous
overbearing	专横傲慢的：arrogant；压倒一切的，（在力量或重要性上）势不可挡的；支配的，显著的：overwhelming in power
peremptory	不容反抗的：not allowing contradiction；爱发号施令的：ordering people；傲慢的：feeling of superiority
ribald	（举止、言语）下流粗鄙的：vulgar
scurrilous	说粗话的：vulgar
unlettered	未受教育的，文盲的：deficient in the knowledge, illiterate
vulgar	粗俗的，无教养的：crude；口头的，非正式的：suitable for speech
madcap	热爱冒险的人：seeks our very dangerous or foolhardy adventures；大胆的，鲁莽的：foolishly adventurous or bold
surly	脾气不好的：churlish in mood
胆小
boggle	（因为怀疑、恐惧）犹豫：hesitate; 笨拙地做：unskillful way
brittle	易碎的，脆弱的，易坏的：broken; 不热心的，不真心的：lacking in friendliness
cowardice	懦弱，不坚定：lack courage
flaccid	不结实的，松弛的：lacking firmness
flinch	畏缩；退缩：draw back
frail	虚弱的：weak；（意志）薄弱的：weak；（希望）渺茫的：slight
limp	柔软的，松散的：lacking firm；软弱的，没有精神的：lacking strength；跛行，艰难地行走：haltingly or unsteadily
pusillanimous	懦弱的，胆小得令人鄙视的：timidity
quail	胆怯，畏缩：fear, cower
supple	易弯曲的，柔软的：bent, pliant
timid	胆小的，不自信的lacking courage, self-confidence
timorous	胆小的：fearful
恶毒
baleful	有害的：harmful; 凶兆的，凶恶的：evil; 致命的：causing death
diabolic	恶魔一般的：devil
heinous	可憎的，十恶不赦的：hatefully
hideous	非常丑陋的：ugly
iniquity	邪恶，不公正：immorality, injustice
malicious	恶意的：deliberately harmful
malign	恶意的：cause suffering；诽谤：utter injuriously
turpitude	卑鄙：baseness
wicked	邪恶的：morally bad
malevolent	恶意的，恶毒的：vicious ill will, spite，hatred
voyeur	窥淫狂：observing unsuspecting individuals
放纵
humor	幽默，令人发笑的事物：comical or amusing；迎合，迁就：comply with
indulgent	（对己）放纵的，（对他人）纵容的：given to indulgence
intemperate	无节制的，极端的，不温和的：not temperate
presumptuous	放肆的，冒昧的：overstepping bounds；傲慢的：feeling of superiority
license	许可，认可：approval；自由：move freely；放荡：disregard for standards；准许，授权使用：permit or authorize
好色
bawdy	下流的，猥亵的：indecent
licentious	放荡的，性欲强的：lacking restraints
rakish	放荡的，行为不检的：lowered moral character
voluptuous	奢侈逸乐的，沉湎酒色的：enjoyments luxury
狡猾
chicanery	诡计多端的，欺骗：deception
cunning	狡猾的：artful deceptiveness；（手工）灵巧的：skillful；欺诈，欺骗：practice of misleading
diplomatic	使用策略的，机智的：tact
duplicity	欺骗，口是心非：deceptiveness
finesse	娴熟技巧：skill；精心策划：plan out with subtle skill；（巧妙地）躲避：keep away from
glib	流利圆滑的（常含有不真诚或欺诈的成分），油腔滑调的：fluency insincere deceitful；缺乏深度的，肤浅的：lacking depth
guile	狡猾，狡诈：misleading
politic	精明能干的：shrewdness；合时宜的，明智的：suitable
ruse	诡计：subterfuge
sly	狡猾的：clever or cunning；隐秘的，偷偷的：acting in secret
subterfuge	诡计：deception to conceal
pitfall	陷阱：capture and hold animals；（不易察觉的）危害：hidden danger
wily	狡诈的，狡猾的：deceptive means
刻薄
acerbic	（心情、心境或者语调）尖酸的：wit, cause hurt feelings
acrid	辛辣的，刺鼻的：harsh, taste, odor; 刻薄的：wit, cause hurt feelings
acrimonious	刻薄的，充满仇恨的：deep-seated resentment
exacting	严格的，苛求的：rigorous；费时间心思的：requiring time, effort, attention
finicky	过分讲究的，挑剔的：extremely meticulous
pungent	辛辣的，讽刺的：use of wit cause hurt feelings
scathing	尖酸刻薄的：cause hurt feelings
stringent	紧绷的：tight；严格的：marked by rigor
vitriolic	（言辞）刻薄的：scathing
懒惰
indolent	懒惰的：averse to activity
loll	懒洋洋地行动：lazy；偷懒，打发时间：doing nothing
slack	松弛的：not tightly fastened；疏忽的，大意的：failing to give proper care
sloth	怠惰，懒惰：disinclination to action
slovenly	邋遢的，不整洁的：lacking neatness
sluggish	缓慢的，迟缓的：slow in movement；迟钝的，反应慢的：slow to respond
sprawl	杂乱无序地发展；蔓生，蔓延：irregularly
supine	懒散的，倦怠的，消极的，漠不关心的：lethargy, indifference
torpid	麻木的，没有知觉的：sensation；迟钝的，行动迟缓的：slow
torpor	缺乏兴趣：lack of interest；（肉体或精神上的）迟钝，懒散：inertness
idle	闲置的，未使用的：not turned to use；懒散的：lazy；懒散度日，无所事事：without working
吝啬
miserly	吝啬的：penuriousness
parsimonious	过度节俭的，吝啬的：stinginess
penury	贫穷：dearth；吝啬，节俭：frugality
stingy	小气的，吝啬的：unwilling；极少量的：less plentiful
tightfisted	吝啬的：stingy
grudge	怨恨，仇恨：ill will
偏狭
cramped	狭小的，狭窄的：small
cronyism	任人唯亲的，对好朋友的偏袒：favoritism friends
faction	派系：a party that is often contentious
hidebound	死板的，极度保守的：tending to favor
jaundice	（因嫉妒或厌世而产生的）偏见：bias
lopsided	歪的，倾斜的：leaning；不平衡的，不协调的：lacking in balance
tendentious	有偏见的：biased
平庸
bathetic	平凡的，陈腐的：commonplaceness
decadence	衰落，颓废：deterioration, decline
hackneyed	陈腐的，缺乏创新的：lacking freshness originality
mediocre	平庸的，质量中等偏下的：moderate
nondescript	平凡的，不吸引人的：lacking distinctive, interesting
platitude	陈词滥调：banal statement；缺乏原创性：lack of originality
trite	陈腐的，陈词滥调的：hackneyed
贪婪
avarice	贪财，贪婪：insatiable
covetous	贪婪的，渴求财富的：inordinate desire
glutton	贪吃者：immoderate food
voracious	有很大食量的，贪吃的：huge appetite；贪婪的，如饥似渴的：insatiable
acquisitive	贪婪的：desirous
ravenous	食量大的，贪食的；贪婪的：huge appetite
挑剔
cavil	挑剔，吹毛求疵：quibble
censorious	挑剔指责的：critical
fastidious	挑剔的，极仔细的，追求完美的：meticulous attention to detail
fussy	谨慎的：involving great care；过分雕琢的：excessively decorated；挑剔的：hard to please
nitpick	吹毛求疵：criticize
captious	吹毛求疵的，爱挑毛病的：stress faults and raise objections
顽固
adamant	固执的，不可动摇的：unshakable, unyielding, inflexible
contumacious	不服从的，倔强的：disobedient
incorrigible	不可救药的，积习难改的：incapable of being corrected；无法管制的：impossible to control
mulish	固执的：obstinate
obdurate	固执的：resistant influences；冷酷无情的：lack of sympathy
wrongheaded	固执己见的，坚持（错误观点）的：stubborn in adherence
虚假
belie	错误的描述，误述：picture falsely; 证明···为假：false, wrong; 掩饰：shut off from view; 与···相对立，与···相矛盾：counter
bravado	假装勇敢：pretense; 虚张声势：swaggering
camouflage	伪装，伪装手段：deceive, hide
disguise	伪装（防止被认出）：prevent recognition；隐藏，掩饰：secret shut off
doze	小憩：lightly
extenuate	减轻罪过：lessen the seriousness
feign	制造假象，装出…的样子：give a false appearance
gild	（带欺骗性地）修改，润色：deceptively attractive
hypocritical	虚伪的：not being what one appears to be
illusory	幻觉的，虚幻的：illusion
knead	揉捏，塑造：shape by folding
mannered	不自然的，做作的：artificial
sanctimonious	假装虔诚的：hypocritically pious
affectation	虚伪，做作：not natural, not genuinely felt
bluff	直率的，（说话）直截了当的：direct, brief, potentially rude；欺骗：deceive
contrived	不自然的，刻意的：lacking spontaneous quality
figment	虚构的事物，幻觉：made up

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